05 The Muse of Arithmetic supervises two scholars -Boethius and Pythagoras. from G.Reisch, Margarita Philosophica , the most comprehensive encyclopaedia available at the end of the fifteenth century.

titlepage of the 1514 edition of Johann Boöschensteyn's book of business arithmetic.

Title Page of the 1535 edition published in Frankfurt of Henricus Grammateus' Works , mainly of mercantile arithmetic.

The titlepage of Valentin Menhir's Arithmetique que Seconde , Antwerp, 1556.

Titlepage to Simon Jacob's book on Mathematics printed in Frankfurt in 1565.

The portrait of the author from Oliviero Fonduli, Practiche de Fioreti merchantili , Frankfurt, 1565.